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Чем отличается цифровизация от информатизации?

отAdmin

Авг 17, 2018
Информатизация
В профессиональной деятельности любой человек применяет компьютеры, гаджеты, различные программы,  и все это ускоряет его процессы взаимодействия, потому что все это прежде всего в грамотных руках средства для выполнения той или иной операции, за счет которых сами операции упрощаются. И данные свойства определяют, по нашему мнению, суть такого  явления, как информатизация.
Если проводить аналогию, то сам процесс напоминает передачу информации с помощью книги. Когда осваивают культурные коды и прочее.
Книга для человека  – инструмент, для того чтобы стать образованным, воспитанным, получить опыт ценностного отношения к реальности. То же самое можно сегодня получить с помощью компьютерных средств и технологий. Поэтому мы в данном случае  и говорим  – «информатизация».
Цифровизация
Цифровизация – это усложненный уровень.
«Яндекс» в своем докладе «Цифровизация в малых и средних городах России» рассматривая цифровизацию, делит ее на два уровня, первичный и вторичный. Тут можно не совсем согласиться. На наш взгляд, когда речь идет о наличии, качестве и доступности инфраструктуры, то перечисленные процессы  все-таки ближе к понятию информатизация, а не цифровизация. А если точнее, то информатизацию, считаем,  целесообразнее рассматривать компонентом цифровизации. Цифровизация более объемная по своему масштабу и в плане категориального аппарата, и в плане системы, перспектив собственного развития.
Главное же отличие цифровизации от информатизации в том, что должна быть цифровая система, которая:
  1. Может действовать независимо.
  2.  Обладает аналитическими и прогностическими функциями, иными словами, она может делать выбор за человека. Например, по ряду критериев решить, какое цифровое портфолио пользователя оптимальнее всего отражает возможности претендовать на ответственную должность, или как следует личности выстраивать свою профессиональную траекторию.
  3. Цифровая система решает задачи сама, но пока ей их ставит человек;
  4. Называть ее искусственным интеллектом нет полного основания. Скорее всего, в настоящий период перед нами средний вариант: уже не мышление человека, но еще не сознание машины.
Безусловно, для овладения цифровой системой, ее понимание, сравнение нельзя осуществить без цифровых компетенций. Получить их можно лишь с помощью приобретения специальных знаний о цифровой системе, которые необходимо перевести в опыт цифровых умений и навыков, также эмоционального отношения к цифровому разуму. И это еще один повод для включения информатизации в широкий термин «цифровизация», поскольку само приобретение компетенций происходит пока за счет информационных технологий, однако при условии, что информатизация – часть цифровизации, технологии рассматриваются как цифровые.
 О.И. Липина

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